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SUMMARY:Dr. Charan Ranganath: The boundaries of memory: How cortico-hippocampal interactions at event boundaries support memory and prediction.
DESCRIPTION:Zoom option if unable to attend in person:\nZoom link here (click on “Join a meeting”)\nMeeting ID: 91512 289258\nPasscode: 289258\n\nIn neuroscience\, episodic memory is depicted as a process of activating “engrams” in the hippocampus that provide a static and faithful record of the past. In reality\, behavioral research has established that human memory is dynamic and constructive\, such that we do not replay the past\, but rather\, we rely on prior knowledge about events\, along with a small amount of retrieved information to imagine how the past could have been. Drawing from this work\, I propose a radical alternative to the dominant view in systems neuroscience: Rather than recording every moment of experience\, the brain might reconstruct past events from prior knowledge and a small amount of event-specific information encoded at moments of high uncertainty or prediction error called “event boundaries”. Our data are consistent with the view that the hippocampus and neocortex serve as complementary learning systems\, with the former playing a role in recording snapshots of cortical activity at event boundaries\, and the latter involved in using prior knowledge to understand and reconstruct past events. Beyond episodic memory\, this division of labor might be computationally optimal for spatial navigation\, prediction\, and decision-making.
URL:https://www.centreforbrainhealth.ca/events/dr-charan-ranganath/
LOCATION:Rudy North Lecture Theatre\, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health\, 2215 Wesbrook Mall\, Vancouver\, British Columbia\, V6T 1Z3\, Canada
CATEGORIES:Neuroscience Research Colloquium
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SUMMARY:Dr. Wafaa Zaaraoui: In Vivo ²³Na MRI: Unveiling Sodium Homeostasis in Brain Function and Neurological Disorders
DESCRIPTION:Zoom option if unable to attend in person:\nZoom link here (click on “Join a meeting”)\nMeeting ID: 91512 289258\nPasscode: 289258\n\nSodium (²³Na) MRI is a powerful tool for investigating sodium homeostasis in the brain\, offering a unique\, non-invasive method to study in vivo changes in sodium concentrations in both healthy and pathological conditions. Sodium plays an essential role in brain function by maintaining membrane potentials\, supporting cellular energy metabolism\, and regulating ion gradients – critical processes for neuronal activity and tissue integrity. Disruptions in sodium balance are recognized as key contributors to numerous neurological disorders\, making in vivo ²³Na MRI an innovative and highly valuable technique for advancing neuroscience research. \nThis presentation will emphasize the neuroscientific applications of in vivo ²³Na MRI\, particularly its capacity to reveal sodium imbalances associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. I will focus on research in multiple sclerosis (MS)\, where altered sodium homeostasis has been explored as a promising biomarker of disease progression and its impact on motor and cognitive function. More broadly\, I will explore how in vivo sodium MRI enhances our understanding of brain pathophysiology and its potential role in a wide range of neurological disorders beyond MS.
URL:https://www.centreforbrainhealth.ca/events/dr-wafaa-zaaraoui/
LOCATION:Rudy North Lecture Theatre\, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health\, 2215 Wesbrook Mall\, Vancouver\, British Columbia\, V6T 1Z3\, Canada
CATEGORIES:Neuroscience Research Colloquium
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